Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
The Potential of Ecotourism in Siwa Oasis: Opportunities and Obstacles
1
16
EN
Ashraf
Alhaddad
Osama
Ibrahim
Hoda
Lotaif
10.21608/ijhth.2017.27862
<span class="fontstyle0">Egypt is endowed with a natural heritage as rich as its cultural heritage. The country’s<br />future is dependent on the wise and sustainable use of its natural resources. Ecotourism is<br />in the core of the tourism development strategy in Egypt and there is considerable effort to<br />promote such type of tourism. Ecotourism is one of the most rapidly expanding forms of<br />tourism, with an estimated growth rate of one of the largest industries in the world. Siwa<br />Oasis is foreseen to be one of the major destination for ecotourism not only in Egypt but<br />also worldwide and it is the most mysterious of all of Egypt's Oases; its history has been<br />formed by many civilizations. Despite the Siwa Oasis destination contains much potentials<br />for ecotourism, the major natural Siwa protected area and also its very rich in cultural and<br />natural assets which could create various amazing activities for ecotourists, ecotourism<br />programmes were designed by tour operators are minimal and it does not occupy a<br />significant position on the touristic map of Egypt. This paper is an attempt to highlights<br />and identifies the major potentials in Siwa Oasis as well as figures out the opportunities<br />and hurdles that preclude its development. The paper uses descriptive and analytical<br />methodology and it embraces a mixed strategy that is needed to investigate different<br />components of the study. And also it analyzes the factors that lead to the declining of the<br />tourism industry in the oasis and proposes a vision for developing the oasis to be one of<br />the major destinations of ecotourism in Egypt as well as worldwide.</span>
Ecotourism,Protected Areas,Potentials,tourism development,cultural and natural heritage,Siwa Oasis,Egypt
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_27862.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_27862_56256b555ab96738c79b3a5f6a190b18.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
Empirical Analysis of Passenger Self-Service Implementation in Cairo International Airport
17
29
EN
Hussein
Abdel Rady
10.21608/ijhth.2017.27863
<span>The purpose of this paper is to provide an empirical analysis an airport passenger operation and to improve its efficiency. An implementing was conducted to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative efficiency of the self-service check-in booth in Cairo International Airport. As community becomes more customary with new technologies, airlines and airports are using new steps to deliver faster and smother services to airline passengers. This study includes web check-in, mobile phone check-in, check-in kiosks, and personalized check-in methods. Data were collected at Cairo International Airport on several non- sequential days. The results showed that to create satisfaction with the check-in process, e-check-in appears to play an important role as it reduces waiting times. However the new procedures are not trusted completely, so operated check-in steps are still needed. Self-check-in steps appear more important for passengers. Furthermore, web check-in appears to be a more common method, especially for travelers aged 35- 44 years.</span>
Self Service,Cairo International Airport,Passenger self-service,Fast Travel Program
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_27863.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_27863_74155cdcbd183f541ef6223eb9874cec.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
Leveraging of Sport Events to Support Tourism in Egypt
30
47
EN
Dalia
Zaki
10.21608/ijhth.2017.27864
Sport events attract large spectators from local residents and international tourists and provide worldwide media coverage. Nowadays, there is a great global competition among destinations for hosting sport events; accompanied by leverage programs. The phenomenon of event leverage maximizes both short and long-term outcomes. So sport event leverage involves planning long- term outcomes from such events, to promote tourism and develop local business, besides, short-term outcomes such as: visitation-related impacts. The research initiative focuses on tourists’ intentions to visit Egypt for attending a sport event. Moreover, the research implies to the benefits generated from sport events, which may support tourism in Egypt. To carry on with this research a questionnaire survey was conducted among non- sport tourists visiting Egypt. The findings identified some key factors that influence tourists’ intentions to visit Egypt for sport tourism. The research showed also that Egypt has the capabilities that allow it to compete strongly with other countries in both hosting and organizing sport events, as well as applying leverage programs to support tourism.
Egypt,Event Leverage,Sport Events,Sport Tourism,Visiting Intention
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_27864.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_27864_574a5f788e23372603f07c1a7a43031b.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
Apotropaic Figures Based on Spell 182 in prt m hrw
48
74
EN
Rasha
Omran
10.21608/ijhth.2017.27865
<span>The term "Apotropaic" (Altenmüller, 1977) means supposedly having the power to avert evil influences or bad luck. Apotropaic Figures refer to a large group of protective deities. They were represented either in the form of a complete animal and human or a mixture of them holding knives, lizards and snakes. Their aim was to create a protective environment around the deceased body and repel evil away from it. Those protectors were known since the Middle Kingdom as represented on the ivory wands. During the New Kingdom, they were shown on the papyrus rolls, on the walls of some royal tombs or taking the form of a three – dimensional wooden sculpture. In the Third Intermediate Period and Late Period, those protective deities appeared again on the walls of royal and private coffins and sarcophagi as well as papyri. They sometimes appeared in the form of stone figures with different forms and numbers. The current research was undertaken to define on the so-called apotropaic deities in Ancient Egyptian conception; to focus on the function of apotropaic deities in Ancient Egyptian religion; to determine the various forms and numbers (Taylor, 2010) of apotropaic deities throughout the history of Egypt beginning with their first appearance during the Middle Kingdom; to refer to creatures and tools held by the hands of apotropaic deities and their religious significance; to follow the development of representing the apotropaic deities from just scenes to three – dimensional figures in the New Kingdom royal tombs; and to mention the material and color of apotropaic figures. The results revealed that since the Middle Kingdom until the end of the Egyptian history, apotropaic deities in all their forms were considered as the responsible deities of repelling evil away of the deceased mummy and creating protective surroundings. Apotropaic deities are carved in the form of wooden and stone statuettes with different poses such as sitting, squatting, standing as well as half – turning</span>
Apotropaic Figures,Spell 151,Spell 182,Book of the Dead,Ivory Knives,Wooden Statuettes
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_27865.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_27865_4fe444e5c763bbc02aa5ee97d7671d58.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
Exploring the Relationship between Allotment and Commitment Contracts and the Performance of Hotels and Tour Operators in Egypt
75
86
EN
Ibrahim
Elshaer
Tamer
Ayad
10.21608/ijhth.2017.30237
Hospitality and travel compose the world's largest industry and contribute greatly to global<br />economic development. Tour operators and hotels are playing the most important and<br />critical role in the tourism sector. Their social and economic performance contribute this<br />role and show the importance of understanding the technical and financial relationship<br />between tour operators and hotels, which help to develop and solve problems of tourism<br />industry. The aim of this study is to explore the relationships between two types of<br />hotels/tour operators’ contracts (allotment and commitment) and performance. Survey<br />data using self-administrated questionnaire have been collected from 300 general<br />managers of luxury hotels and class A tour operators in Egypt. Exploratory factor analysis<br />and structural equation modelling were conducted to achieve the research objectives. The<br />results indicate that commitment contract gives tour operators a very high technical and<br />operational power inside hotel, but it put high financial pressures on tour operators, and<br />make them work on risks especially during unstable economic and political periods. The<br />findings of the current study can be used by academics, hotel managers, and tour<br />operator'smanagers to completely understand the nature of the impacts of the two types of<br />contracts (allotment and commitment) on the company performa
Tour Operators,Hotels,Allotment,Commitment
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30237.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30237_fcb5a9dc4d0f3e5951417476c7961ef8.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
From an Immigrated Bird to a Deity: Pelican in Ancient Egyptian Sources
87
95
EN
Abdallah
Diab
10.21608/ijhth.2017.30236
This paper traces the role of Pelican in daily life and his influence in ancient Egyptian<br />religion. His appearance in the wall of tombs and temple of the sun and also the reluctance<br />of Egyptian to eat him save his egg. This immigrated bird was known in ancient Egypt<br />since the Predynastic period. Although his short stayed in Egyptian land and rarely<br />depicted in Egyptian tombs, regarded as a deity, and mentions more than once in the<br />Pyramid and Coffin Texts, and by one spell in the Book of the Dead. He had a magical<br />powers and assimilated with resurrection and the birth of the sun.
pelican,Bird,food,Pyramid Texts,Coffin Texts,Book of the Dead
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30236.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30236_2eea6883ab9f24489361de95f52da1e5.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
Toward Effective Human Sigma Implementation in the Tourism and Hotel Industry: A Proposed Framework
96
122
EN
Azza
Maher
Mahmoud
Abou Kamar
10.21608/ijhth.2017.27866
In today's highly competitive environment, employee-customer engagement has emerged as a key motive of business success. High levels of employee-customer engagement can boost customer loyalty and achieve meaningful operational and financial improvements. A recent innovative research-based approach on the management of employee-customer engagement has actualized a relatively new approach titled: Human Sigma. This new approach focuses on reducing and improving variability in the employee-customer engagement levels in order to improve the quality of the employee-customer encounter. Given, therefore, that this new approach can positively impact the tourism and hotel organizations in their quest to improve service quality, this study presents the concept of Human Sigma as a recognizable and accepted business improvement approach and proposes a framework for its effective application in the tourism and hotel industry in Egypt. The overall goal of this present study is to propose a framework for effective Human Sigma implementation in the tourism and hotel industry in Egypt. The data of the study has been collected through questionnaires directed to the managers of five-star chain hotels and travel agencies (class A) in Egypt. The findings revealed that the vast majority of tourism and hotel organizations in Egypt are aware of the concept of Human Sigma as a business improvement approach. However, a marginal proportion of these organizations are applying formal system for measuring and managing the employee-customer engagement. Practically, the study proposed a framework for effective Human Sigma implementation. More importantly, the findings of this study have several managerial implications which offer the opportunities for further research in the future.<br />
Human Sigma,employee-customer engagement,tourism and hotel industry,Egypt
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_27866.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_27866_ffc6c699655232622e220167dc48e2e7.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
Assessment of University Residence Food service Using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA): Student Perspective (A Case Study of Sadat City University)
123
141
EN
Yasser
Abdelaty
Emad
Abdel-Aal
10.21608/ijhth.2017.30186
<span>University residence foodservice aspects which need to be prioritized for improvements have not been assessed yet via Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) approach although it has been broadly applied in numerous fields and environments. Therefore, this study investigates the student perceptions of university residence foodservice aspects (i.e. food, service, ambiance, sanitation, and management supervision) using IPA. It also explores which foodservice aspects influence student satisfaction. In addition, this study examines whether management supervision affects the other residence foodservice aspects or not. A questionnaire was developed to achieve these objectives. The IPA and regression analysis were used to analyze the returned 435 questionnaire forms collected from Sadat City University students. The IPA shows that food, service, and sanitation are three key areas where improvement efforts should be made. Moreover, the regression analysis identifies that only three aspects (i.e. service, food, and management supervision) were found to significantly affect student satisfaction, respectively. The study highlights an additional key finding that management supervision has a significant effect on the other foodservice aspects, particularly sanitation. Thus, university management should reasonably allocate their limited resources to residence foodservice attributes based on their contributions to student satisfaction.</span>
University food service,service aspects,Student Satisfaction,importance-performance analysis,residence
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30186.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30186_fe271c20ab8f438dccca5cbcc1e46880.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
Two Unpublished Bronze Statuettes of Osiris from the Egyptian Museum in Cairo
142
149
EN
Mohamed
El-sayed
Rasha
Omran
Ibrahim
Abd El-baset
Abd El-Rahim
Abd El-Mohsen
10.21608/ijhth.2017.30187
The study highlights one of the most significant periods through the ancient Egyptian history. The research deals with two divine Statuettes<strong> </strong>from the twenty-sixth dynasty in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.<br /> Furthermore, the definition of the late period emphasizes that the reason for the use of term "Late period" is due to the late of the time not the late of the Civilization because during this period, there were strong dynasties in Art, Civilization and the Policy.<br /> Moreover, the research represents a full explanation of the two divine Statuettes, their positions, materials, their natures, jewelers and their insignias.
Divine Statues,Twenty-sixth dynasty,Osiris,Saite dynasty,Late Period,Bronze
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30187.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30187_be4c11dae24386391806422d14ccdcab.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
The Funerary Procession Scenes at Private Tombs of Post-Amarna Period in Thebes and Memphis
150
168
EN
Emad
Ghaly
Osama
Ibrahim
10.21608/ijhth.2017.30188
Post-Amarna period is transitional period in the whole culture of ancient Egypt. Elites used to install their tombs in both Thebes and Memphis after the fall of Amarna. This paper studies the funerary procession scenes at private tombs of each site in chronological order in context of iconographic analysis and art style.
Amarna,Memphis,Thebes,Private tombs,funerary,Scenes,and Procession
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30188.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30188_83f272a1c9b4a3557ad2c180e3734a89.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
Reward Ceremony Scenes in Private Tombs of Post-Amarna Period in Thebes and Memphis
169
183
EN
Emad
Ghaly
Osama
Ibrahim
10.21608/ijhth.2017.30189
The ancient Egyptian dreamed about being honored in life by his king, being mourned in death by his family and friends, and being welcomed in the hereafter by his gods. This paper studies and investigates the scenes of reward ceremony at five private tombs of post-Amarna period in Thebes and Memphis. The reward ceremony occurred during the lifetime of the tomb owner, who meant to record and immortalize it at his tomb.
Amarna,Memphis,Thebes,Private tombs,reward,Scenes,and Procession
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30189.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30189_d791edb7b4c115c911cab67a9e7cc418.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
The Influence of the Eastern Roman Civilization on the Imperial Portraits in Egypt and the Neighboring Countries from the First to the Fourth Century AD
184
195
EN
Shaza
Ismail
10.21608/ijhth.2017.30190
Roman Sculpture, with artists from across a huge empire and changing public tastes over centuries, is above all else, remarkable for its sheer variety and eclectic mix. The art form blended the idealized perfection of earlier Classical Greek sculpture with a greater aspiration for realism and absorbed artistic preferences and styles from the East to create images in stone and bronze which rank among the finest works from antiquity. Aside from their own unique contribution, Roman sculptors have also, with their popular copies of earlier Greek masterpieces, preserved for posterity invaluable works which would have otherwise been completely lost to world art. The aim of this paper is to discuss a distinguished type of Roman sculpture which is the portrait and the differences between the schools, periods, functions and characteristics in the eastern Roman Empire. Although the political circumstances around the empire was almost the same yet Egypt had always succeeded to keep its own style and special artistic features. Egyptian artists were always affected by their predecessors and tried to keep their culture and characteristics throughput the ages. The paper will try to move smoothly through these periods focusing on Roman Egypt and the art of portraits till the early period of Christianity.<br />
Imperial portraits,the Flavians,Trajan,mummy portraits,mixed Graeco Egyptian,schools of art,Philological division
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30190.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30190_4f16be82ccb4f9a4122daa6a72823ec0.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
An Exploration of Yuan Impact on Chinese Outbound Travel Market to Egypt
196
204
EN
Mohamed
Anter
10.21608/ijhth.2017.30191
This paper studies the potential impact of Chinese Yuan (Renminbi RMB) on Chinese outbound travel market to Egypt. For this purpose were field researches conducted; a questionnaire about Chinese outbound travel market in Egypt and interviews with experts in both tourism and financial markets .The collected data was analyzed statistically using SPSS V. 19.<br /> The results of the current study indicate that there is little negative impact of Chinese Yuan currency on Chinese outbound travel market to Egypt in the short time and the major benefits in the long time. Also, the devaluation of Yuan will have a significant impact on what Chinese tourists do shopping in Egypt. In addition, the first estimates also indicate that the impact of Yuan is closed to US dollar exchange rates in the short time.<br /> The study presents a number of recommendations for government and tourist businesses in Egypt to exploit some opportunities specially in quick applying of swap currency agreement between Egypt and China, legislation issue to control both tourist businesses and financial market in Egypt and all trip items should price in Yuan for Chinese tourists.
Yuan,Chinese Outbound Travel Market,Egypt,tourism
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30191.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30191_dc25fdee4d1a49398c39a6c6aa0b2760.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
Investigating the Relationship between Work- Life Balance and Employee Engagement among Flight Attendants
205
220
EN
Hamida
Mohamed
Heba
Zaki
10.21608/ijhth.2017.30192
<span>Work-life balance and employee engagement have become two considerable concepts that capture the attention of both academics and practitioners. The prime concern of this paper is to examine the relationship between work-life balance and employee engagement among flight attendants in Egypt. The study focuses on the positive side of work life balance (work life polices and supervisor support) and how they sustain employee engagement. Primary data was conducted using a questionnaire survey of flight attendants in Egyptian airlines. The findings indicated that both work life balance policies and supervisor support were positively correlated with the job engagement of the Egyptian flight attendants. The study proved also that the supervisor support effect on the employee engagement was higher than the effect of work life policies. Based on these results, this study can be concluded that work life balance had a positive significant impact on the engagement of the Egyptian flight attendants. Finally, this study concludes by discussing managerial implications and providing suggestions for future research.</span>
Employee Engagement,flight attendants,work-life balance,work-life policies
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30192.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30192_b486cc1a4d0ea312e119006f75362645.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
Lantern in Houses and Religious Establishments through the Paintings of Orientalists in the 12th- 13th AH/ 18th- 19th AD
221
234
EN
Randa
Hazem
10.21608/ijhth.2017.30193
<span>Drawings of Orientalists presented exact details of different peoples’ lives, as well as their lifestyle and their worship. These artistic paintings aimed to highlight the architecture art of Islamic civilization, as Orientalists witnessed during their visits; and here lies the importance of these paintings in history. Some of the Orientalists’ paintings, depicting religious establishments and homes from inside, were decorated with different lighting tools, the most important of them were the lanterns, or as it was called in Morocco chandelier. The paper is aiming to present the different types of lanterns in Islamic art, in addition to the most important Orientalists artists, who presented the Islamic enlightenment in their paintings.</span><br /><span>Research target: The main target of the research is to highlight the aesthetics of the Lantern by studying the plates of the Orientalists in (the 12th- 13th centuries AD/ 18th- 19th centuries) from the historical perspective, as well as to compare between the various plates to clarify the artistic and decorative values.</span><br /><span>Research methodology: To achieve the objectives of the research, both the descriptive and historical methods are used to study lanterns in the Orientalists’ paintings, and to compare them with those stored in the different museum.</span>
Orientalists,lanterns,Antonio Costa,Luigi Mayer,Pascal Coast,David Roberts. Introduction
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30193.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30193_2e176cb80cfd1e1fe0479431a27e8d42.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
Employee Gender vs. Supervisor Gender: Gender Effect on Interaction In Tourism Organization
235
249
EN
Heba
Said
10.21608/ijhth.2017.30194
<span>This research aims to compare how both employee and supervisor's gender can affect the relationship between each other in tourism organization, in terms of interaction patterns which includes many aspects such as the communication style between supervisors and subordinates, supervisor feedback, mentoring and conflict management, The cross gender combination(male-male, male female, female – female, female-male)are highlighted and to study which gender combination has the highest effect on relationships in the tourism organization.</span>
Subordinate,Gender,supervisor,Effect
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30194.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30194_8d90f1ffb36dcac64778cc0717a32cef.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
Hotel Prices and Customer Perception of Rate Fairness: Analytical Study Applied to Five Star Hotels in Cairo
250
261
EN
Magdy
Abdel-aleem
10.21608/ijhth.2017.30195
Recent studies have shown that online travel purchasers tend to be price driven, it is claimed that among ten travelers, more than half of them seeking the lowest prices of services and most buyers are pulled by online discounts to buy travel services. <br />Furthermore the model of price discrimination or differential pricing provides an important analytical insight into discriminatory pricing practices. According to that model, prices charged by hotels are not usually proportional to the marginal costs incurred in producing the service. The hotels adjust their prices according to customer, location or product, and purchase volume….etc.<br />Many hotels are reluctant to implement differential pricing because of potential customer backlash. If customers believe that increased prices are not based on cost increases or changes in market conditions, they may view it as unfair practices. Therefore, this study focuses on answering the question of how a hotel can charge different prices without risking customer perceptions of unfairness. The study uses a questionnaire form to collect research data from the customers of the five star hotels in Cairo. A total number of 120 usable responses were collected. Linear regression was used to test the causal relationships between variables.
Rate fairness,rate consistency,rate transparency,rate reference,Hotels
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30195.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30195_c67e633ec59b5b7084d175d38789bf51.pdf
Fayoum University, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality
2636-4131
2636-414X
11
1
2017
03
01
Menu Sustainability in the Egyptian Upscale and Fine Dinning Restaurants: Descriptive Approach
262
276
EN
Hesham
Ezzat
Alaa
Ashry
10.21608/ijhth.2017.30196
Sustainability is considered as one of the most important issues in food trends over the globe. Research about menu sustainability still needs more empirical investigations. This research aims to explore if restaurateurs in Egypt are adapting principles and practices of sustainability in constructing their restaurant’s menus. The current research adopted a deductive approach using the questionnaire strategy as a data collection instrument. The population of the study was the general managers and assistant general managers who are working in the upscale and fine dining restaurants in Greater Cairo (Cairo and Giza). Simple random sampling was chosen as the most proper sampling technique to achieve the study objectives. 300 questionnaires were distributed to managers of the sampled restaurants. The returned and valid questionnaires for analysis were 284, with a valid response rate estimated to be 94.3%. Research findings highlighted that the investigated restaurants responded effectively to the growing needs of the consumers who become more concerned with environmental friendly and sustainable products and services.
Menu Sustainability,Dinning Restaurants,Egyptian Upscale Restaurants
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30196.html
https://ijhth.journals.ekb.eg/article_30196_e96d90481afbe46af1b8f1d6b3d2c58f.pdf